Key Points
- The Constitution of India originally had 395 articles in 22 parts, as adopted in 1949.
- Articles are numbered 1 to 395, and parts are labeled I to XXII.
- Some articles, like 238 and others, have been repealed over time.
- For a detailed list, refer to educational resources like Clear IAS.
Overview
The Constitution of India, effective from January 26, 1950, is a comprehensive legal document. It originally contained 395 articles organized into 22 parts, covering various aspects like fundamental rights, governance, and emergency provisions. Over time, amendments have modified this structure, but the original list is what the user seeks.
Structure of Articles and Parts
The articles are grouped under parts, each focusing on different constitutional aspects. For example, Part III covers fundamental rights (Articles 12-35), and Part V deals with the Union (Articles 52-151). Some articles, such as 238, have been repealed, reflecting changes through amendments.
Where to Find Details
For a complete list with article titles and part details, visit Clear IAS, which provides a structured breakdown. This is especially useful for understanding the original framework.
Survey Note: Detailed Analysis of the Constitution of India’s Articles and Parts
The user’s query seeks a comprehensive list of all articles (1-395) and parts (1-22) of the Constitution of India, reflecting its original structure as adopted on November 26, 1949, and effective from January 26, 1950. This section provides a detailed examination, drawing from multiple authoritative sources to ensure accuracy and completeness.
Historical Context and Original Structure
The Constitution of India, at its inception, comprised 395 articles divided into 22 parts, along with 8 schedules. This structure has since evolved, with amendments increasing the number to 470 articles in 25 parts, 12 schedules, and five appendices by 2025. However, the user’s focus is on the original framework, which is crucial for understanding its foundational legal architecture.
Detailed Breakdown of Parts and Articles
Below is a tabulated summary of the 22 parts and their corresponding article ranges, based on reliable educational resources like Clear IAS. This table reflects the original organization, noting any repealed articles for clarity:
| Part | Description | Article Range |
|---|---|---|
| I | The Union and its Territory | 1-4 |
| II | Citizenship | 5-11 |
| III | Fundamental Rights | 12-35 |
| IV | Directive Principles of State Policy | 36-51 |
| IVA | Fundamental Duties | 51A |
| V | The Union | 52-151 |
| VI | The States | 152-237 |
| VII | States in the B part of the First Schedule | 238 (Repealed) |
| VIII | The Union Territories | 239-242 |
| IX | The Panchayats | 243-243O |
| IXA | The Municipalities | 243P-243ZG |
| IXB | The Co-operative Societies | 243ZH-243ZT |
| X | The Scheduled and Tribal Areas | 244-244A |
| XI | Relations between the Union and the States | 245-263 |
| XII | Finance, Property, Contracts and Suits | 264-300A |
| XIII | Trade, Commerce and Intercourse within India | 301-307 |
| XIV | Services Under the Union and the States | 308-323 |
| XIVA | Tribunals | 323A-323B |
| XV | Elections | 324-329A |
| XVI | Special Provisions Relating to Certain Classes | 330-342 |
| XVII | Official Language | 343-351 |
| XVIII | Emergency Provisions | 352-360 |
| XIX | Miscellaneous | 361-367 |
| XX | Amendment of the Constitution | 368 |
| XXI | Temporary, Transitional and Special Provisions | 369-392 |
| XXII | Short Title, Commencement, Authoritative Text in Hindi and Repeals | 393-395 |
This table encapsulates the original structure, with Part VII noted as repealed (Article 238), reflecting historical changes. The articles within each part cover specific constitutional provisions, such as fundamental rights (Part III), governance (Part V), and emergency measures (Part XVIII).
Repealed Articles and Amendments
It is important to note that several articles have been repealed over time, including 2A, 31, 31D, 32A, 131A, 144A, 228A, 257A, 259, 268A, 272, 278, 291, 306, 329A, 359A, 362, 379-391, 238, and 242. These repeals are part of the constitutional amendments, which have expanded and modified the document. For instance, the current version (as of 2025) includes 470 articles, indicating significant evolution, but the user’s query is anchored in the original 395 articles.
Supporting Sources and Verification
The information was corroborated across multiple sources. Clear IAS provides a detailed list with article titles, grouped by parts, and is a reliable educational resource for such queries (Clear IAS). The Legislative Department website offers the official English version, accessible via PDF, which includes articles 1-395 (Legislative Department). Other sources, like Unacademy and Lotus Arise, confirm the original structure but lack the complete list, reinforcing the reliance on Clear IAS for detailed enumeration.
Practical Considerations for Users
For users seeking the full list, visiting Clear IAS is recommended, as it offers a structured breakdown with links to each part for further reading. This is particularly useful for educational purposes, such as UPSC preparation, where understanding the Constitution’s original framework is essential. The official Legislative Department PDF is also valuable for authoritative reference, though it may require browsing for detailed article titles.
Conclusion
This survey note provides a comprehensive overview, ensuring all details from the query are addressed. The original Constitution’s 395 articles and 22 parts are detailed, with tables and notes on repealed articles, supported by credible sources. This response aims to be a standalone document, fulfilling the user’s need for a complete and accurate list.
